-
Exploring the Implications of District Splitting on the Constitution and Functionality of District Service Commissions in Uganda: A Case Study of 8 Districts in Uganda
Aloysius Mutebi,
Xavier Nsabagasani,
Fredrick Makumbi,
Elizeus Rutebemberwa
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
35-43
Received:
5 February 2019
Accepted:
25 March 2019
Published:
18 April 2019
Abstract: In Uganda district splitting occurs when new districts are created out of old districts using existing boundaries which usually constitute a health sub district or county boundary. The Ugandan system of local governance is based on the district as a functional unit under which there are lower local governments and administrative units that follow the devolution system of decentralisation. The aim of this study was therefore to assess issues affecting constitution, functionality and operationalization (establishment and appointment) of District Service Commission (DSCs). This was an exploratory cross-sectional study that used qualitative methods about the implications of the phenomenon of district splitting (creation) in relation to constitution and functionality of the district service commissions and human resources for health management. We purposively collected data from 16 key informants based on their roles and responsibilities on the DSCs. Out of the eight districts in the study, only one district constituted a fully functional DSC while the remaining seven districts managed to constitute DSCs in a period between 6 and 12 months. This study shows that splitting negatively affected both the parent and child (new) districts in sense that they could not constitute a complete committee within the stipulated time of three months. Generally, all the districts have had challenges in constituting the DSCs of 5-7 commission committee members. Only one in the eight districts had managed to constitute a full committee within three months of post-splitting. After districts are split, majority of the DSCs especially in the child districts took over almost a year to be constituted and fully functional due to mainly lack of qualified members for example retired senior civil servants in these districts. All the eight districts had a challenge of political interference during the process of appointing the technical team, which delayed constitution of quorum of DSCs in the districts. Lack of resources to carry out most of the DSC functions was also mentioned in all districts as a major hindrance to the district councils which were responsible for appointing DSC members. The DSCs should be allowed to operate with no political interference and this can be enacted as a law by parliament.
Abstract: In Uganda district splitting occurs when new districts are created out of old districts using existing boundaries which usually constitute a health sub district or county boundary. The Ugandan system of local governance is based on the district as a functional unit under which there are lower local governments and administrative units that follow t...
Show More
-
Comparative Study of Access to Oral Health Care for Precarious and Non-precarious Populations in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
Sangare Abou Dramane,
Samba Mamadou,
Meless Guanga David,
Adou Akpe Jonas,
Traore Jules Fabrice,
Guinan Jean-Claude,
Bakayoko-Ly R.
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
44-48
Received:
6 March 2019
Accepted:
11 April 2019
Published:
10 May 2019
Abstract: The situation of insecurity resulting from precariousness raises concerns about the oral health of the victims. The objective of this study was to compare the dental status and the modalities of the use of oral care of people in precarious situations to those of non-precarious. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 256 users of the dental office of the University Hospital of Treichville, in precarious situation or not. Subjects in precarious situations were identified using a tracking tool to take into account the context of the intervention. The respondents were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. The data collected made it possible to calculate percentages and comparisons of the modalities of oral health care use between "precarious" and "not precarious" using the Chi2 test. Subjects in precarious situations had more recourse to self-medication (84.6%) at first intention than subjects who were not precarious (p=0,011). Renunciation of oral health care was more common in the "precarious" group than in the "non- precarious" group (p=0,004). The number of missing teeth among people in precarious situations was twice as high as among "not precarious" subjects. On the other hand, the number of filled teeth (O) was 3 times higher in "not precarious" subjects than in "precarious" subjects. The results of this study show the need for awareness raising and the implementation of a social protection system guaranteeing greater accessibility to care for people in precarious situations and even for the population as a whole.
Abstract: The situation of insecurity resulting from precariousness raises concerns about the oral health of the victims. The objective of this study was to compare the dental status and the modalities of the use of oral care of people in precarious situations to those of non-precarious. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 256 users of the dental of...
Show More
-
The Impact of Transportation Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction: Evidence from Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
49-57
Received:
21 February 2019
Accepted:
13 April 2019
Published:
15 May 2019
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of transportation service quality on customer satisfaction; in case of Debre Markos city. To achieve the objective of this study, data was collected through close-ended and open-ended questionnaires from 320 respondents who are Bajaj customers. Stratified random sampling was employed to categorize Bajaj associations into ten strata according to their beginning terminals and convenience sampling method was used to select sample population from each strata. Primary and secondary data were used for this study and quantitative and qualitative method also employed. This study was undertaken in one year and hence, used Cross-sectional method. This study has used transportation service quality dimensions like reliability, security, comfort, safety and convenience as independent variables and customer satisfaction as dependent variable. Data collected by using schedules were analyzed by using statistical analysis such as descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive statistic such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistic such as correlation and multiple linear regressions were calculated by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. The correlation result revealed that there is a significant relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. The result from regression analysis indicates that reliability, security, comfort, safety and convenience have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. The finding revealed that Bajaj customers are moderately satisfied with the current service supply. Recommendations for improvement in service quality resulting in customer satisfaction have been made.
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of transportation service quality on customer satisfaction; in case of Debre Markos city. To achieve the objective of this study, data was collected through close-ended and open-ended questionnaires from 320 respondents who are Bajaj customers. Stratified random sampling was employed to cate...
Show More
-
Biodiversity and Density of Larvae and Adults of Anopheles Mosquitoes in El Obied City – Sudan
Adam Musa Adam Eissa,
Mutman Ali Abdlghder Kehail
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
58-66
Received:
4 July 2018
Accepted:
15 August 2018
Published:
30 May 2019
Abstract: The weather changes especially rainfall affects the distribution and densities of mosquitoes. There are about 380 species of Anopheles, recorded, sixty of them act as vectors of many diseases. This work was carried out to study the biodiversity and density of Anopheles mosquitoes {adults and larvae} in El Obied City. A cross-sectional survey of Anopheline mosquito larval habitats was conducted during {April 2014 - April 2016}. Larvae were collected by using the standard dipping and netting techniques weekly for the whole year from five selected stations, while adult stages were collected by spray sheet method using Permethrin 25% E. C. The climatic factors and the malaria cases among the study areas were also recorded. The DNA from the identified adults and larvae was extracted in order to make the molecular confirmation for these species. The results revealed that, all Anopheline mosquito larvae {100%} which were found and collected from three breeding sites during all seasons were classified as probably Anopheles squamosus. The study also showed that, all {100%} of adults Anopheline mosquito were classified as most probably A. squamosus and then this result was confirmed by the National Laboratory for Public Health, Medical Entomology Department, Khartoum {as a first record for this sp.}. A. squamosus were found only in the shallow pond water habitat in El Obied City. The mean Anopheline density in the study area for larvae was 0.42 per dip while the mean density of adults was 0.55 per room. The high mosquito larval density in El Obied City indicated that, it is at risk of mosquito-borne diseases including malaria. The correlation analysis between mosquito abundance and density to the malaria cases within the selected stations in El Obied City, was positive. The macro and microclimate within which the larvae and the adults A. squamosus lived ware also compared to that of other Anopheles species studied before, and new limits were recorded concerning mainly: temperature {15.5 - 41.1°C}, relative humidity{16–82%} and rainfall {6.3–88.2 mm} in respect to outdoor and indoor resting mosquitoes specially for adults, and temperature {24–27°C}, pH {6.5–7.2} and salinity {1.6–1.9}of larval breeding site waters in addition to the floral types. This study is recommended to be conducted in the other Cities and Sudan.
Abstract: The weather changes especially rainfall affects the distribution and densities of mosquitoes. There are about 380 species of Anopheles, recorded, sixty of them act as vectors of many diseases. This work was carried out to study the biodiversity and density of Anopheles mosquitoes {adults and larvae} in El Obied City. A cross-sectional survey of Ano...
Show More
